{"id":558,"date":"2025-10-23T14:58:01","date_gmt":"2025-10-23T06:58:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/?p=558"},"modified":"2025-10-23T14:58:01","modified_gmt":"2025-10-23T06:58:01","slug":"python3-%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/index.php\/2025\/10\/23\/python3-%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8\/","title":{"rendered":"Python3\u00a0\u5b57\u5178"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u53d8\u5bb9\u5668\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e14\u53ef\u5b58\u50a8\u4efb\u610f\u7c7b\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u952e\u503c key=>value<\/strong> \u5bf9\u7528\u5192\u53f7 :<\/strong> \u5206\u5272\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u9017\u53f7(,<\/strong>)\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7 {}<\/strong> \u4e2d ,\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

d = {key1 : value1, key2 : value2, key3 : value3 }<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/strong>dict<\/strong> \u4f5c\u4e3a Python \u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u548c\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u547d\u540d\u4e3a dict<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u952e\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u503c\u5219\u4e0d\u5fc5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u952e\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

tinydict = {‘name’: ‘runoob’, ‘likes’: 123, ‘url’: ‘www.runoob.com’}<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u4e5f\u53ef\u5982\u6b64\u521b\u5efa\u5b57\u5178\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

tinydict1 = { ‘abc’: 456 }<\/p>\n\n\n\n

tinydict2 = { ‘abc’: 123, 98.6: 37 }<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u521b\u5efa\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u62ec\u53f7 { }<\/strong> \u521b\u5efa\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

# \u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u62ec\u53f7 {} \u6765\u521b\u5efa\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178
emptyDict = {}
 
# \u6253\u5370\u5b57\u5178
print<\/strong>(emptyDict)
 
# \u67e5\u770b\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6570\u91cf
print<\/strong>(“Length:”, len(emptyDict))
 
# \u67e5\u770b\u7c7b\u578b
print<\/strong>(type(emptyDict))<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

{}<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Length: 0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<class ‘dict’><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5efa\u51fd\u6570 dict()<\/strong> \u521b\u5efa\u5b57\u5178\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

emptyDict = dict()
 
# \u6253\u5370\u5b57\u5178
print<\/strong>(emptyDict)
 
# \u67e5\u770b\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6570\u91cf
print<\/strong>(“Length:”,len(emptyDict))
 
# \u67e5\u770b\u7c7b\u578b
print<\/strong>(type(emptyDict))<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

{}<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Length: 0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<class ‘dict’><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u5178\u91cc\u7684\u503c<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u628a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u952e\u653e\u5165\u5230\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9e\u4f8b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

#!\/usr\/bin\/python3 tinydict = {‘Name’: ‘Runoob’, ‘Age’: 7, ‘Class’: ‘First’} print (“tinydict[‘Name’]: “, tinydict[‘Name’]) print (“tinydict[‘Age’]: “, tinydict[‘Age’])<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

tinydict[‘Name’]:  Runoob<\/p>\n\n\n\n

tinydict[‘Age’]:  7<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u952e\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

#!\/usr\/bin\/python3 tinydict = {‘Name’: ‘Runoob’, ‘Age’: 7, ‘Class’: ‘First’} print (“tinydict[‘Alice’]: “, tinydict[‘Alice’])<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Traceback (most recent call last):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  File “test.py”, line 5, in <module><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    print (“tinydict[‘Alice’]: “, tinydict[‘Alice’])<\/p>\n\n\n\n

KeyError: ‘Alice’<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4fee\u6539\u5b57\u5178<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5411\u5b57\u5178\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u952e\/\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u5220\u9664\u5df2\u6709\u952e\/\u503c\u5bf9\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9e\u4f8b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

#!\/usr\/bin\/python3 tinydict = {‘Name’: ‘Runoob’, ‘Age’: 7, ‘Class’: ‘First’} tinydict[‘Age’] = 8 # \u66f4\u65b0 Age tinydict[‘School’] = “\u83dc\u9e1f\u6559\u7a0b” # \u6dfb\u52a0\u4fe1\u606f print (“tinydict[‘Age’]: “, tinydict[‘Age’]) print (“tinydict[‘School’]: “, tinydict[‘School’])<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

tinydict[‘Age’]:  8<\/p>\n\n\n\n

tinydict[‘School’]: \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u80fd\u5220\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4e5f\u80fd\u6e05\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u6e05\u7a7a\u53ea\u9700\u4e00\u9879\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u663e\u5f0f\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u7528del\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

#!\/usr\/bin\/python3 tinydict = {‘Name’: ‘Runoob’, ‘Age’: 7, ‘Class’: ‘First’} del tinydict[‘Name’] # \u5220\u9664\u952e ‘Name’ tinydict.clear() # \u6e05\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178 del tinydict # \u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178 print (“tinydict[‘Age’]: “, tinydict[‘Age’]) print (“tinydict[‘School’]: “, tinydict[‘School’])<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f46\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7528\u6267\u884c del \u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\u5b57\u5178\u4e0d\u518d\u5b58\u5728\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Traceback (most recent call last):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  File “\/runoob-test\/test.py”, line 9, in <module><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    print (“tinydict[‘Age’]: “, tinydict[‘Age’])<\/p>\n\n\n\n

NameError: name ‘tinydict’ is not defined<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6ce8\uff1a<\/strong>del() \u65b9\u6cd5\u540e\u9762\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b57\u5178\u952e\u7684\u7279\u6027<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b57\u5178\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7684 python \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u952e\u4e0d\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1\uff09\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u51fa\u73b0\u4e24\u6b21\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u5982\u679c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u88ab\u8d4b\u503c\u4e24\u6b21\uff0c\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

#!\/usr\/bin\/python3 tinydict = {‘Name’: ‘Runoob’, ‘Age’: 7, ‘Name’: ‘\u5c0f\u83dc\u9e1f’} print (“tinydict[‘Name’]: “, tinydict[‘Name’])<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

tinydict[‘Name’]:  \u5c0f\u83dc\u9e1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2\uff09\u952e\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u5143\u7ec4\u5145\u5f53\uff0c\u800c\u7528\u5217\u8868\u5c31\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

#!\/usr\/bin\/python3 tinydict = {[‘Name’]: ‘Runoob’, ‘Age’: 7} print (“tinydict[‘Name’]: “, tinydict[‘Name’])<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Traceback (most recent call last):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  File “test.py”, line 3, in <module><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    tinydict = {[‘Name’]: ‘Runoob’, ‘Age’: 7}<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TypeError: unhashable type: ‘list’<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b57\u5178\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570&\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Python\u5b57\u5178\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5e8f\u53f7<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>\u51fd\u6570\u53ca\u63cf\u8ff0<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
1<\/td>len(dict)
\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b57\u5178\u5143\u7d20\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u5373\u952e\u7684\u603b\u6570\u3002<\/td>		>>> tinydict = {‘Name’: ‘Runoob’, ‘Age’: 7, ‘Class’: ‘First’}>>> len(tinydict)3<\/td><\/tr>
2<\/td>str(dict)
\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5370\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/td>		>>> tinydict = {‘Name’: ‘Runoob’, ‘Age’: 7, ‘Class’: ‘First’}>>> str(tinydict)”{‘Name’: ‘Runoob’, ‘Class’: ‘First’, ‘Age’: 7}”<\/td><\/tr>
3<\/td>type(variable)
\u8fd4\u56de\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5b57\u5178\u5c31\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/td>		>>> tinydict = {‘Name’: ‘Runoob’, ‘Age’: 7, ‘Class’: ‘First’}>>> type(tinydict)<class ‘dict’><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Python\u5b57\u5178\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5e8f\u53f7<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>\u51fd\u6570\u53ca\u63cf\u8ff0<\/strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
1<\/td>dict.clear()<\/a>
\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u5185\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20<\/td><\/tr>
2<\/td>dict.copy()<\/a>
\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6d45\u590d\u5236<\/td><\/tr>
3<\/td>dict.fromkeys()<\/a>
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e8f\u5217seq\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u505a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\uff0cval\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u6240\u6709\u952e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c<\/td><\/tr>
4<\/td>dict.get(key, default=None)<\/a>
\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u952e\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de default \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/td><\/tr>
5<\/td>key in dict<\/a>
\u5982\u679c\u952e\u5728\u5b57\u5178dict\u91cc\u8fd4\u56detrue\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd4\u56defalse<\/td><\/tr>
6<\/td>dict.items()<\/a>
\u4ee5\u5217\u8868\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61<\/td><\/tr>
7<\/td>dict.keys()<\/a>
\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61<\/td><\/tr>
8<\/td>dict.setdefault(key, default=None)<\/a>
\u548cget()\u7c7b\u4f3c, \u4f46\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u5e76\u5c06\u503c\u8bbe\u4e3adefault<\/td><\/tr>
9<\/td>dict.update(dict2)<\/a>
\u628a\u5b57\u5178dict2\u7684\u952e\/\u503c\u5bf9\u66f4\u65b0\u5230dict\u91cc<\/td><\/tr>
10<\/td>dict.values()<\/a>
\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61<\/td><\/tr>
11<\/td>pop(key[,default])<\/a>
\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178 key\uff08\u952e\uff09\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/td><\/tr>
12<\/td>popitem()<\/a>
\u8fd4\u56de\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5bf9\u952e\u548c\u503c\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

x = True<\/p>\n\n\n\n

country_counter = {}<\/p>\n\n\n\n

def addone(country):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    if country in country_counter:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        country_counter[country] += 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    else:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        country_counter[country] = 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

addone(‘China’)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

addone(‘Japan’)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

addone(‘china’)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

print(len(country_counter))<\/p>\n\n\n\n

confusion = {}<\/p>\n\n\n\n

confusion[1] = 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

confusion[‘1’] = 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

confusion[1] += 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sum = 0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

for k in confusion:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    sum += confusion[k]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

print(sum)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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