{"id":564,"date":"2025-10-23T15:03:47","date_gmt":"2025-10-23T07:03:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/?p=564"},"modified":"2025-10-23T15:03:48","modified_gmt":"2025-10-23T07:03:48","slug":"python3-%e9%9d%a2%e5%90%91%e5%af%b9%e8%b1%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/index.php\/2025\/10\/23\/python3-%e9%9d%a2%e5%90%91%e5%af%b9%e8%b1%a1\/","title":{"rendered":"Python3 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class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u6280\u672f\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7c7b(Class):\u00a0<\/strong>\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8be5\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6240\u5171\u6709\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong>\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/strong>\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u662f\u516c\u7528\u7684\u3002\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u4e14\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u4e4b\u5916\u3002\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u6210\u5458\uff1a<\/strong>\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u8005\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u7c7b\u53ca\u5176\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u5199\uff1a<\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u4ece\u7236\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53eb\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8986\u76d6\uff08override\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u91cd\u5199\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ea\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u7c7b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u8868\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528 self \u4fee\u9970\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7ee7\u627f\uff1a<\/strong>\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\uff08derived class\uff09\u7ee7\u627f\u57fa\u7c7b\uff08base class\uff09\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7ee7\u627f\u4e5f\u5141\u8bb8\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u5bf9\u5f85\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2aDog\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6d3e\u751f\u81eaAnimal\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6a21\u62df&#8221;\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\uff08is-a\uff09&#8221;\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u4f8b\u56fe\uff0cDog\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aAnimal\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\uff1a<\/strong>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u7c7b\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a<\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u5bf9\u8c61\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6210\u5458\uff08\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cPython \u5728\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u589e\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u7c7b\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Python\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u7c7b\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u673a\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2a\u57fa\u7c7b\uff0c\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8986\u76d6\u57fa\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u57fa\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u540c\u540d\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>class ClassName: &lt;statement-1&gt; . . . &lt;statement-N&gt;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u540d\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u652f\u6301\u4e24\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5c5e\u6027\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c5e\u6027\u5f15\u7528\u4f7f\u7528\u548c Python \u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5f15\u7528\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<strong>obj.name<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u540e\uff0c\u7c7b\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u547d\u540d\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u6548\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u8fd9\u6837:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u4f8b(Python 3.0+)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>#!\/usr\/bin\/python3 class MyClass: &#8220;&#8221;&#8221;\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b&#8221;&#8221;&#8221; i = 12345 def f(self): return &#8216;hello world&#8217; # \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7c7b x = MyClass() # \u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5 print(&#8220;MyClass \u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027 i \u4e3a\uff1a&#8221;, x.i) print(&#8220;MyClass \u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 f \u8f93\u51fa\u4e3a\uff1a&#8221;, x.f())<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5e76\u5c06\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u8d4b\u7ed9\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf x\uff0cx \u4e3a\u7a7a\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">MyClass \u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027 i \u4e3a\uff1a 12345\nMyClass \u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 f \u8f93\u51fa\u4e3a\uff1a hello world<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7c7b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a __init__() \u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08<strong>\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u65f6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u50cf\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>def __init__(self): self.data = []<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86 __init__() \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528 __init__() \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7c7b MyClass\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 __init__() \u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u8c03\u7528:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">x = MyClass()<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c __init__() \u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u901a\u8fc7 __init__() \u4f20\u9012\u5230\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u4f8b(Python 3.0+)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>#!\/usr\/bin\/python3 class Complex: def __init__(self, realpart, imagpart): self.r = realpart self.i = imagpart x = Complex(3.0, -4.5) print(x.r, x.i) # \u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a3.0 -4.5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">self \u4ee3\u8868\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7c7b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u522b\u7684\u533a\u522b\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684<strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u540d\u79f0<\/strong>, \u6309\u7167\u60ef\u4f8b\u5b83\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u662f self\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>class Test: def prt(self): print(self) print(self.__class__) t = Test() t.prt()<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">&lt;__main__.Test instance at 0x100771878&gt;\n__main__.Test<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u7684\u770b\u51fa\uff0cself \u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c self.class \u5219\u6307\u5411\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>self \u4e0d\u662f python \u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u4ed6\u6362\u6210 runoob \u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u6267\u884c\u7684:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>class Test: def prt(runoob): print(runoob) print(runoob.__class__) t = Test() t.prt()<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">&lt;__main__.Test instance at 0x100771878&gt;\n__main__.Test<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 Python\u4e2d\uff0cself \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u60ef\u7528\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u4f60\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u547d\u540d\u4e3a self\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u4f46\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 self\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>class<\/strong>&nbsp;MyClass:<br>&nbsp;<strong>def<\/strong>&nbsp;__init__(self,&nbsp;value):<br>&nbsp;self.value&nbsp;=&nbsp;value<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<strong>def<\/strong>&nbsp;display_value(self):<br>&nbsp;<strong>print<\/strong>(self.value)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p># \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b<br>obj&nbsp;=&nbsp;MyClass(42)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p># \u8c03\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<br>obj.display_value()&nbsp;# \u8f93\u51fa 42<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cself \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u5728&nbsp;<strong>__init__<\/strong>&nbsp;\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728&nbsp;<strong>display_value<\/strong>&nbsp;\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 self\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<strong>def<\/strong>&nbsp;\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e00\u822c\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u53c2\u6570 self, \u4e14\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0cself \u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u4f8b(Python 3.0+)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>#!\/usr\/bin\/python3 #\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49 class people: #\u5b9a\u4e49\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027 name = &#8221; age = 0 #\u5b9a\u4e49\u79c1\u6709\u5c5e\u6027,\u79c1\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u7c7b\u5916\u90e8\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee __weight = 0 #\u5b9a\u4e49\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 def __init__(self,n,a,w): self.name = n self.age = a self.__weight = w def speak(self): print(&#8220;%s \u8bf4: \u6211 %d \u5c81\u3002&#8221; %(self.name,self.age)) # \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7c7b p = people(&#8216;runoob&#8217;,10,30) p.speak()<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">runoob \u8bf4: \u6211 10 \u5c81\u3002<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ee7\u627f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Python \u540c\u6837\u652f\u6301\u7c7b\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u7c7b\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>class DerivedClassName(BaseClassName): &lt;statement-1&gt; . . . &lt;statement-N&gt;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b50\u7c7b\uff08\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b DerivedClassName\uff09\u4f1a\u7ee7\u627f\u7236\u7c7b\uff08\u57fa\u7c7b BaseClassName\uff09\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002BaseClassName\uff08\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u7c7b\u540d\uff09\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u5185\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u57fa\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">class DerivedClassName(modname.BaseClassName):<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u4f8b(Python 3.0+)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>#!\/usr\/bin\/python3 #\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49 class people: #\u5b9a\u4e49\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027 name = &#8221; age = 0 #\u5b9a\u4e49\u79c1\u6709\u5c5e\u6027,\u79c1\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u7c7b\u5916\u90e8\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee __weight = 0 #\u5b9a\u4e49\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 def __init__(self,n,a,w): self.name = n self.age = a self.__weight = w def speak(self): print(&#8220;%s \u8bf4: \u6211 %d \u5c81\u3002&#8221; %(self.name,self.age)) #\u5355\u7ee7\u627f\u793a\u4f8b class student(people): grade = &#8221; def __init__(self,n,a,w,g): #\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u51fd people.__init__(self,n,a,w) self.grade = g #\u8986\u5199\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 def speak(self): print(&#8220;%s \u8bf4: \u6211 %d \u5c81\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u8bfb %d \u5e74\u7ea7&#8221;%(self.name,self.age,self.grade)) s = student(&#8216;ken&#8217;,10,60,3) s.speak()<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ken \u8bf4: \u6211 10 \u5c81\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u8bfb 3 \u5e74\u7ea7<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u591a\u7ee7\u627f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Python\u540c\u6837\u6709\u9650\u7684\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7ee7\u627f\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u591a\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f62\u5982\u4e0b\u4f8b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>class DerivedClassName(Base1, Base2, Base3): &lt;statement-1&gt; . . . &lt;statement-N&gt;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5706\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u7236\u7c7b\u4e2d\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\uff0cpython\u4ece\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\u641c\u7d22 \u5373\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e2d\u672a\u627e\u5230\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u67e5\u627e\u7236\u7c7b\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5305\u542b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u4f8b(Python 3.0+)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>#!\/usr\/bin\/python3 #\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49 class people: #\u5b9a\u4e49\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027 name = &#8221; age = 0 #\u5b9a\u4e49\u79c1\u6709\u5c5e\u6027,\u79c1\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u7c7b\u5916\u90e8\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee __weight = 0 #\u5b9a\u4e49\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 def __init__(self,n,a,w): self.name = n self.age = a self.__weight = w def speak(self): print(&#8220;%s \u8bf4: \u6211 %d \u5c81\u3002&#8221; %(self.name,self.age)) #\u5355\u7ee7\u627f\u793a\u4f8b class student(people): grade = &#8221; def __init__(self,n,a,w,g): #\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u51fd people.__init__(self,n,a,w) self.grade = g #\u8986\u5199\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 def speak(self): print(&#8220;%s \u8bf4: \u6211 %d \u5c81\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u8bfb %d \u5e74\u7ea7&#8221;%(self.name,self.age,self.grade)) #\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u591a\u7ee7\u627f\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u51c6\u5907 class speaker(): topic = &#8221; name = &#8221; def __init__(self,n,t): self.name = n self.topic = t def speak(self): print(&#8220;\u6211\u53eb %s\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f14\u8bf4\u5bb6\uff0c\u6211\u6f14\u8bb2\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u662f %s&#8221;%(self.name,self.topic)) #\u591a\u7ee7\u627f class sample(speaker,student): a =&#8221; def __init__(self,n,a,w,g,t): student.__init__(self,n,a,w,g) speaker.__init__(self,n,t) test = sample(&#8220;Tim&#8221;,25,80,4,&#8221;Python&#8221;) test.speak() #\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u540c\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5728\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u53c2\u6570\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6392\u524d\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">\u6211\u53eb Tim\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f14\u8bf4\u5bb6\uff0c\u6211\u6f14\u8bb2\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u662f Python<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u5199<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7236\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u4f60\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u91cd\u5199\u4f60\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u4f8b(Python 3.0+)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>#!\/usr\/bin\/python3 class Parent: # \u5b9a\u4e49\u7236\u7c7b def myMethod(self): print (&#8216;\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5&#8217;) class Child(Parent): # \u5b9a\u4e49\u5b50\u7c7b def myMethod(self): print (&#8216;\u8c03\u7528\u5b50\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5&#8217;) c = Child() # \u5b50\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b c.myMethod() # \u5b50\u7c7b\u8c03\u7528\u91cd\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5 super(Child,c).myMethod() #\u7528\u5b50\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u5df2\u88ab\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/python\/python-func-super.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">super() \u51fd\u6570<\/a>\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b(\u8d85\u7c7b)\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">\u8c03\u7528\u5b50\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\n\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7c7b\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u5c5e\u6027<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>__private_attrs<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u58f0\u660e\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u4e3a\u79c1\u6709\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5728\u7c7b\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6&nbsp;<strong>self.__private_attrs<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 def \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e00\u822c\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u53c2\u6570&nbsp;<strong>self<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e14\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c<strong>self<\/strong>&nbsp;\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>self<\/strong>&nbsp;\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u89c4\u5b9a\u6b7b\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<strong>this<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6700\u597d\u8fd8\u662f\u6309\u7167\u7ea6\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<strong>self<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7c7b\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>__private_method<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u58f0\u660e\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\u79c1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u8c03\u7528 \uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u8c03\u7528\u3002<strong>self.__private_methods<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7c7b\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u4f8b(Python 3.0+)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>#!\/usr\/bin\/python3 class JustCounter: __secretCount = 0 # \u79c1\u6709\u53d8\u91cf publicCount = 0 # \u516c\u5f00\u53d8\u91cf def count(self): self.__secretCount += 1 self.publicCount += 1 print (self.__secretCount) counter = JustCounter() counter.count() counter.count() print (counter.publicCount) print (counter.__secretCount) # \u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u79c1\u6709\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">1\n2\n2\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n  File \"test.py\", line 16, in &lt;module&gt;\n    print (counter.__secretCount)  # \u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u79c1\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\nAttributeError: 'JustCounter' object has no attribute '__secretCount'<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7c7b\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u4f8b(Python 3.0+)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>#!\/usr\/bin\/python3 class Site: def __init__(self, name, url): self.name = name # public self.__url = url # private def who(self): print(&#8216;name : &#8216;, self.name) print(&#8216;url : &#8216;, self.__url) def __foo(self): # \u79c1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5 print(&#8216;\u8fd9\u662f\u79c1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5&#8217;) def foo(self): # \u516c\u5171\u65b9\u6cd5 print(&#8216;\u8fd9\u662f\u516c\u5171\u65b9\u6cd5&#8217;) self.__foo() x = Site(&#8216;\u83dc\u9e1f\u6559\u7a0b&#8217;, &#8216;www.runoob.com&#8217;) x.who() # \u6b63\u5e38\u8f93\u51fa x.foo() # \u6b63\u5e38\u8f93\u51fa x.__foo() # \u62a5\u9519<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/F5C2A308-3A88-42B4-B575-C719EB8F1CC4.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7c7b\u7684\u4e13\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>__init__ :<\/strong>\u00a0\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u6210\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u8c03\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>__del__ :<\/strong>\u00a0\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>__repr__ :<\/strong>\u00a0\u6253\u5370\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>__setitem__ :<\/strong>\u00a0\u6309\u7167\u7d22\u5f15\u8d4b\u503c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>__getitem__:<\/strong>\u00a0\u6309\u7167\u7d22\u5f15\u83b7\u53d6\u503c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>__len__:<\/strong>\u00a0\u83b7\u5f97\u957f\u5ea6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>__cmp__:<\/strong>\u00a0\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>__call__:<\/strong>\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>__add__:<\/strong>\u00a0\u52a0\u8fd0\u7b97<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>__sub__:<\/strong>\u00a0\u51cf\u8fd0\u7b97<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>__mul__:<\/strong>\u00a0\u4e58\u8fd0\u7b97<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>__truediv__:<\/strong>\u00a0\u9664\u8fd0\u7b97<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>__mod__:<\/strong>\u00a0\u6c42\u4f59\u8fd0\u7b97<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>__pow__:<\/strong>\u00a0\u4e58\u65b9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Python\u540c\u6837\u652f\u6301\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7c7b\u7684\u4e13\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u8f7d\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u4f8b(Python 3.0+)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>#!\/usr\/bin\/python3 class Vector: def __init__(self, a, b): self.a = a self.b = b def __str__(self): return &#8216;Vector (%d, %d)&#8217; % (self.a, self.b) def __add__(self,other): return Vector(self.a + other.a, self.b + other.b) v1 = Vector(2,10) v2 = Vector(5,-2) print (v1 + v2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">Vector(7,8)<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Python\u4ece\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e4b\u521d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5728Py&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":490,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-1"],"views":195,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/564","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=564"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/564\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":565,"href":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/564\/revisions\/565"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/490"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=564"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=564"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=564"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}