{"id":580,"date":"2025-10-23T15:21:53","date_gmt":"2025-10-23T07:21:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/?p=580"},"modified":"2025-10-23T15:23:14","modified_gmt":"2025-10-23T07:23:14","slug":"python3-%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.pyteam.cn\/index.php\/2025\/10\/23\/python3-%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"Python3\u00a0\u5217\u8868"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5e8f\u5217\u662f Python \u4e2d\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u503c\u90fd\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u503c\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u662f 0\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u662f 1\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Python \u6709 6 \u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u662f\u5217\u8868\u548c\u5143\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5217\u8868\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5207\u7247\uff0c\u52a0\uff0c\u4e58\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0cPython \u5df2\u7ecf\u5185\u7f6e\u786e\u5b9a\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u786e\u5b9a\u6700\u5927\u548c\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5217\u8868\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684 Python \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u7684\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u503c\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9879\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u628a\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9879\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

list1 = [‘Google’, ‘Runoob’, 1997, 2000]
list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ]
list3 = [“a”, “b”, “c”, “d”]
list4 = [‘red’, ‘green’, ‘blue’, ‘yellow’, ‘white’, ‘black’]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

\u8bbf\u95ee\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u503c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u7d22\u5f15\u4ece 0<\/strong> \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u662f 1<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u622a\u53d6\u3001\u7ec4\u5408\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

#!\/usr\/bin\/python3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

list = [‘red’, ‘green’, ‘blue’, ‘yellow’, ‘white’, ‘black’]
print<\/strong>( list[0] )
print<\/strong>( list[1] )
print<\/strong>( list[2] )<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

red\ngreen\nblue<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u7d22\u5f15\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5c3e\u90e8\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a -1<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f80\u524d\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e3a -2<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
#!\/usr\/bin\/python3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
list = [‘red’, ‘green’, ‘blue’, ‘yellow’, ‘white’, ‘black’]
print<\/strong>( list[-1] )
print<\/strong>( list[-2] )
print<\/strong>( list[-3] )<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
black\nwhite\nyellow<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u6807\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7 []<\/strong> \u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u622a\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
#!\/usr\/bin\/python3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nums = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90]
print<\/strong>(nums[0:4])<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[10, 20, 30, 40]<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u8d1f\u6570\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\u622a\u53d6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
#!\/usr\/bin\/python3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
list = [‘Google’, ‘Runoob’, “Zhihu”, “Taobao”, “Wiki”]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# \u8bfb\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4f4d
print<\/strong> (“list[1]: “, list[1])
# \u4ece\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4f4d\u5f00\u59cb\uff08\u5305\u542b\uff09\u622a\u53d6\u5230\u5012\u6570\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4f4d\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\uff09
print<\/strong> (“list[1:-2]: “, list[1:-2])<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
list[1]:  Runoob\nlist[1:-2]:  ['Runoob', 'Zhihu']<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\u66f4\u65b0\u5217\u8868<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9879\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 append() \u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6dfb\u52a0\u5217\u8868\u9879\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5b9e\u4f8b(Python 3.0+)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
#!\/usr\/bin\/python3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
list = [‘Google’, ‘Runoob’, 1997, 2000]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
print<\/strong> (“\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a : “, list[2])
list[2] = 2001
print<\/strong> (“\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a : “, list[2])<\/p>\n\n\n\n
list1 = [‘Google’, ‘Runoob’, ‘Taobao’]
list1.append(‘Baidu’)
print<\/strong> (“\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u7684\u5217\u8868 : “, list1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u8ba8\u8bba append()<\/a> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a :  1997\n\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a :  2001\n\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u7684\u5217\u8868 :  ['Google', 'Runoob', 'Taobao', 'Baidu']<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\u5220\u9664\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 del \u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u5220\u9664\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5b9e\u4f8b(Python 3.0+)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
#!\/usr\/bin\/python3

list = [‘Google’, ‘Runoob’, 1997, 2000]

print<\/strong> (“\u539f\u59cb\u5217\u8868 : “, list)
del<\/strong> list[2]
print<\/strong> (“\u5220\u9664\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 : “, list)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u539f\u59cb\u5217\u8868 :  ['Google', 'Runoob', 1997, 2000]\n\u5220\u9664\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 :  ['Google', 'Runoob', 2000]<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u8ba8\u8bba remove() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
Python\u5217\u8868\u811a\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u5217\u8868\u5bf9 + \u548c * \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e0e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002+ \u53f7\u7528\u4e8e\u7ec4\u5408\u5217\u8868\uff0c* \u53f7\u7528\u4e8e\u91cd\u590d\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Python \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/th>\u7ed3\u679c<\/th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th><\/tr>
len([1, 2, 3])<\/td>3<\/td>\u957f\u5ea6<\/td><\/tr>
[1, 2, 3] + [4, 5, 6]<\/td>[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]<\/td>\u7ec4\u5408<\/td><\/tr>
[‘Hi!’] * 4<\/td>[‘Hi!’, ‘Hi!’, ‘Hi!’, ‘Hi!’]<\/td>\u91cd\u590d<\/td><\/tr>
3 in [1, 2, 3]<\/td>True<\/td>\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5217\u8868\u4e2d<\/td><\/tr>
for x in [1, 2, 3]: print(x, end=” “)<\/td>1 2 3<\/td>\u8fed\u4ee3<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
Python \u5217\u8868\u622a\u53d6\u4e0e\u62fc\u63a5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Python \u7684\u5217\u8868\u622a\u53d6\u4e0e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L=[‘Google’, ‘Runoob’, ‘Taobao’]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Python \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/th>\u7ed3\u679c<\/th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th><\/tr>
L[2]<\/td>‘Taobao’<\/td>\u8bfb\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20<\/td><\/tr>
L[-2]<\/td>‘Runoob’<\/td>\u4ece\u53f3\u4fa7\u5f00\u59cb\u8bfb\u53d6\u5012\u6570\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20: count from the right<\/td><\/tr>
L[1:]<\/td>[‘Runoob’, ‘Taobao’]<\/td>\u8f93\u51fa\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
>>> L=[‘Google’, ‘Runoob’, ‘Taobao’]
>>> L[2]
‘Taobao’
>>> L[-2]
‘Runoob’
>>> L[1:]
[‘Runoob’, ‘Taobao’]
>>><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5217\u8868\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u62fc\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
>>> squares = [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]
>>> squares += [36, 49, 64, 81, 100]
>>> squares
[1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]
>>><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\u5d4c\u5957\u5217\u8868<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u5d4c\u5957\u5217\u8868\u5373\u5728\u5217\u8868\u91cc\u521b\u5efa\u5176\u5b83\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
>>> a = [‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’]
>>> n = [1, 2, 3]
>>> x = [a, n]
>>> x
[[‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’], [1, 2, 3]]
>>> x[0]
[‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’]
>>> x[0][1]
‘b’<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\u5217\u8868\u6bd4\u8f83<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u5217\u8868\u6bd4\u8f83\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165 operator<\/strong> \u6a21\u5757\u7684 eq<\/strong> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u8be6\u89c1\uff1aPython operator \u6a21\u5757<\/a>\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
# \u5bfc\u5165 operator \u6a21\u5757
import<\/strong> operator<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a = [1, 2]
b = [2, 3]
c = [2, 3]
print<\/strong>(“operator.eq(a,b): “, operator.eq(a,b))
print<\/strong>(“operator.eq(c,b): “, operator.eq(c,b))<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
operator.eq(a,b):  False\noperator.eq(c,b):  True<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
Python\u5217\u8868\u51fd\u6570&\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Python\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51fd\u6570:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5e8f\u53f7<\/th>\u51fd\u6570<\/th><\/tr>
1<\/td>len(list)<\/a>
\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4e2a\u6570<\/td><\/tr>
2<\/td>max(list)<\/a>
\u8fd4\u56de\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u6700\u5927\u503c<\/td><\/tr>
3<\/td>min(list)<\/a>
\u8fd4\u56de\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u6700\u5c0f\u503c<\/td><\/tr>
4<\/td>list(seq)<\/a>
\u5c06\u5143\u7ec4\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Python\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5e8f\u53f7<\/th>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th><\/tr>
1<\/td>list.append(obj)<\/a>
\u5728\u5217\u8868\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61<\/td><\/tr>
2<\/td>list.count(obj)<\/a>
\u7edf\u8ba1\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570<\/td><\/tr>
3<\/td>list.extend(seq)<\/a>
\u5728\u5217\u8868\u672b\u5c3e\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8ffd\u52a0\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\uff08\u7528\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u6269\u5c55\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
4<\/td>list.index(obj)<\/a>
\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u627e\u51fa\u67d0\u4e2a\u503c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u9879\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td><\/tr>
5<\/td>list.insert(index, obj)<\/a>
\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u63d2\u5165\u5217\u8868<\/td><\/tr>
6<\/td>list.pop([index=-1])<\/a>
\u79fb\u9664\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u503c<\/td><\/tr>
7<\/td>list.remove(obj)<\/a>
\u79fb\u9664\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u9879<\/td><\/tr>
8<\/td>list.reverse()<\/a>
\u53cd\u5411\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20<\/td><\/tr>
9<\/td>list.sort( key=None, reverse=False)<\/a>
\u5bf9\u539f\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f<\/td><\/tr>
10<\/td>list.clear()<\/a>
\u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868<\/td><\/tr>
11<\/td>list.copy()<\/a>
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